2004年职称英语等级考试综合类(A级)试题及答案

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子  (第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)

　　阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

 
Stanford University
1  Stanford University, famous as one of northern California’s several institutions of higher learning，is sometimes called “the Harvard of the West．” The closeness of Stanford to San Francisco，a city thirty-two miles to the north，gives the university a decidedly cosmopolitan (世界性的) flavor．

2         The students are enrolled mainly from the western United States．But most of the fifty states send students to Stanford，and many foreign students study here，as well．And standards for admission remain high．Young men and women are selected to enter the university from the upper fifteen percent of their high school classes．

3  Not only because of me high caliber(素质)of its students but also because of the desirable

location and climate，Stanford has attracted to its faculty some of the world’s most respected

scholars．The university staff has included many Nobel prize winners such as Dr．Felix Bloch，Dr．Robert Hofstadter, and Dr．William Shockley in physics．Dr．Author Kornberg and Dr．Joshua

Lederberg in medicine．and Dr．Paul J．Flory and Dr．Linus Pauling in chemistry．The Russian

novelist Aleksandr Solzhenistsyn has been in residence．Stanford’S undergraduate school of engineering and its graduate schools of business，law，and medicine are especially well-regarded．

4  What is student life like on “The Farm”? Culturally．the campus is a magnet for both

students and citizens of nearby communities．P1ays，concerts，and operas are performed in the university’s several auditoriums and in its outdoor theater, where graduations are also held．Several film series are presented during the school year．Guest lecturers from public and academic life frequently appear on campus．In the evenings，many students gather to socialize in the Student Union’s coffee house；here the beverages(饮料)and the atmosphere both have a decidedly European flavor．For the sports—minded，the Stanford campus offers highly developed athletic facilities．Team spots，swimming，and track and field activity are a11 very much part of the Stanford picture．So are bicycling and jogging．

5  In addition to financial support from alumni(校友)，Stanford receives grants from the

government and from private philanthropic(慈善的)foundations。In recent years，government

grants have made possible advanced studies in the fields of history, psychology, education，and atomic energy．At present Stanford is carrying out an ambitious building program，financed in part by山e Ford Foundation’s 25 million grant．Recently added to the campus are a new physics building，new school of business，new graduate school of law，new student union，and undergraduate library．

23 Paragraph 2              

24 Paragraph 3              

25 Paragraph 4              

26 Paragraph 5              

A Colorful Life on Campus

B Intelligent Student Body

C School Administration

D Distinguished Faculty

E Substantial Financial Support

F The Harvard of the West

27 Those high school graduates who can enter Stanford University             

28 Many professors like to teach in this university partly because here             

29 On the faculty of the university there are             

30 Financial support from both private organizations and the government has made

possible              

A they can find the best students

B the university’s academic advancement and physical extension

C some of the most distinguished scholars

D where a sports meet is held every year

E must have been the top student’s in their classes

F must be hardworking

第4部分：阅读理解(第3l~45题，每题3分，共45分)

    下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇
 
Technology Transfer in Germany
    When it comes to translating basic research into industrial Success，few nations can match Germany．Since the 1940s,the nation’s vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science．And though German prosperity(繁荣)has faltered(衰退)over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline．it still has an enviable record for turning ideas into profit．

    Much of the reason for也at success is the Fraunhofer Society，a network of research

institutes t11at exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought—after technologies．But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition．Universities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer, and technology parks are springing up all over．These efforts are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies．

    Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success，but it is not without its critics．These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic science，eventually starving industry of fresh ideas．If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur(企业家)，the argument goes，then the traditional principles of university research being curiosity．driven．free and widely available will Suffer．Others claim that many of the programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years．

    While this debate continues,new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany’s research

 networks．which bear famous names such as Helmholtz，Max Planck and Leibniz．Yet it is the fourth network，the Fraunhofer Society, that plays the greatest role in technology transfer．

    Founded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe’s largest organisation for applied

technology，and has 59 institutes employing 12，000 people．It continues to grow．Last year, it swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin．Today,

there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia．

31 What factor can be attributed to German prosperity?

A Technology transfer．

B Good management．

C Hard work．

D Fierce competition．

32 Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research?

    A  It is free．

    B  It is profit-driven．

    C  It is widely available．

　D  It is curiosity-driven．

33 The Fraunhofer Society is the largest organisation for applied technology in

    A  Asia．

    B  USA．

    C  Europe．

　D  Africa．

34 When．was the Fraunhofer Society founded?

    A  In 1940.

    B  Last year．

    C  After the unification．

　D  In 1949.

 

35 The word “expertise’’ in line 3 could be best replaced by

  A  “experts”．

  B  ‘‘scientists”．

  C  “scholars”．

  D  ‘‘special knowledge”．

第二篇

Star Quality
    A new anti-cheating system for counting the judges’ scores in ice skating is flawed，

according to leading sports specialists．Ice skating’s governing body announced the new rules last week after concerns that a judge at the Winter Olympics may have been unfairly influenced．

    Initially the judges in the pairs figure—skating event at the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City voted 5 to 4 to give the gold medal to a Russian pair，even though they had a fall during their routine．But the International Skating Union suspended the French judge for failing to reveal that she had been put under pressure to Vote for the Russians．The International Olympics Committee then decided to give a second gold to the Canadian runners-up(亚军)．

    The ISU，skating’s governing body, now says it intends to change the rules．In future 14 judges will judge each event，but only 7 of their scores--selected at random--will count,

    The ISU won’t finally approve the new system until it meets in June but already UK Sport．

the British Government’s sports body．has expressed reservations．“I remain to be convinced that the random selection system would offer the guarantees that everyone concerned with ethical sport is looking for'’，says Jerry Bingham，UK Sport’s head of ethics(伦理)．

   A random system can still be manipulated，says Mark Dixon，a specialist on sports statistics from the Royal Statistical Society in London．“The score of one or two judges who have been nobbled(受到贿赂)may still be in the seven selected．”

   Many other sports that have judges，including diving，gymnastics，and synchronized

swimming．have a system that discards the highest and lowest scores．If a judge was under

pressure to favour a particular team，they would tend to give it very high scores and mark down the opposition team，so their scores wouldn’t count．It works for diving，says Jeff Cook，a member of the international government body’s technical committee．“If you remove those at the top and bottom you’re left with those in the middle，SO you’re getting a reasonable average．’’

    Since the 2000 Olympics in Sydney, diving has tightened up in its system still further．Two separate panels of judges score different rounds of diving during top competitions．Neither panel knows the scores given by the other．‘'We have done this to head off any suggestion of bias．”says Cook．

   Bingham urged the ISU to consider other options．“Tms should involve examining the way

in which other sports deal with the problem of adjudicating(裁定)on matter of style and

presentation，”he says．