2006年职称英语考试卫生类(A级)试题及答案

   
　　第三篇 Smart Exercise
Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development. Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain development. According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels, including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Dr. Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better. As she says: "While we already know that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can literally cause physical changes in the brain."
　　The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies. Babies who do activities that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active. With babies， even a little movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes， a pediatrician （儿科医师）， believes in the importance of exercise. She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in elementary school or high school can be traced back to a lack of movement as babies. "Babies need movement that stimulates their five senses. They need to establish a connection between motion and memory. In this way， as they get older， children will begin to associate physical activity with higher learning，" says Margaret.
Older people can beef up their brains as well. Cornell University studied a group of seniors ranging in age from seventy to seventy-nine. Their study showed a short-term memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week. The exercise does not have to be very difficult, but it does have to increase the heart rate. Also, just like the motion for infants, exercise for older people should involve some complexity. Learning some new skills or motions helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time.
For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. The main goal is to increase the brain's flow of blood. And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week.
　　41 Research by Dr. Cameron seems to suggest that exercise can
　　A generate new blood vessels.
　　B change the way a person thinks.
　　C promote brain development.
　　D divert one's attention.
　　42 Margaret Barnes thinks that a lack of movement in infancy can
　　A lead to learning troubles later.
　　B cause physical disabilities later.
　　C stimulate the five senses.
　　D bring about changes in the brain.
　　43 The expression "beef up" in paragraph 3 means
　　A "control".
　　B "strengthen".
　　C "operate".
　　D "encourage".
　　44 To be beneficial, exercise for older people should
　　A be done in a group.
　　B be done on a daily basis.
　　C involve great difficulty.
　　D increase the heart rate.
　　45 The title of the passage implies that
　　A only smart people do exercise.
　　B exercise can be smart or stupid.
　　C exercise keeps the brain strong.
　　D it is fashionable to do exercise.
　　第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）
　　下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。
How Did She Conquer the Americans?
　　African-American talk show queen Oprah Winfrey is the world's most powerful celebrity， according to Forbes magazine.（46）
Winfrey, 51, draws 30 million viewers weekly in the United States. Her talk show reaches 112 countries. She earned US$225 million over the past 12 months to rank second in celebrity riches.
　　The annual Forbes list gives most weight to annual earnings. （47）
"After 21 years, her exciting chat show still rules the airwaves. It created new celebrities and hundreds of millions of dollars in profits," the magazine said.
Winfrey is most popular with her popular talk show "The Oprah Winfrey Show". She can always attract the superstars and let them open up to her intimate interviewing style.
　　Last month， American actor Tom Cruise， 42， surprised fans when he celebrated his new romance with 26-year-old actress Katie Holmes. Fie jumped up and down， shouting "I'm in love." Only a few years ago， Cruise and his ex-wife Nicole Kidman appeared separately on the same show telling the news of their divorce. "（48）
　　Winfrey's approach appears to be simple. She is in pursuit of self-improvement and self-empowerment （自强）。 This has proved to be just what people， especially women， want.
Winfrey often talks about her personal secrets on her show. That pulls in viewers. For example, she revealed that she had been sexually abused as a child, and has spoken freely of her struggle with her weight.
　　Winfrey was born to a poor family in Mississippi in 1954. （49） At the woman to age of 19， she became the youngest person and the first African-American anchor （主持） a news programme.
Her success has not just been on the screen. Her media group includes a women's TV network and websites for women.
　　Winfrey's work has extended to social change. （50）
She testified before the US Senate to establish a national database of dangerous child abusers. President Bill Clinton later signed "Oprah Bill" into law.
　　A　But it also looks at the celebrity's presence on the Internet and in the media.
　　B　In 1991， she did a lot of work for the National Child Protection Act
　　C　She was not a very successful woman.
　　D　She began broadcasting while still at high school.
　　E　It placed Winfrey at the top of its annual ranking of the 100 people last week
　　F　The couple had been tight-lipped about their break-up.