公共管理硕士英语模拟试卷

Section B

Directions: Read the following passage and then give short answer to the five questions. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.

　　The search for freedom of worship has brought people to American from the days of the Pilgrims to modern times. In 1620, for example, the Mayflower carried a cargo of 102 passengers who "welcomed the opportunity to advance the gospel of Christ in these remote parts." A number of other groups such as the Jews and Quakers came to America after the Pilgrims, all seeking religious freedom. In more recent times, anti-semitic persecution in Hitler’s Germany has driven people from their homes to seek refuge in America. However, not all religious sects have received the tolerance and understanding for which they came. The Puritans of the Massachusetts Bay Colony showed as little tolerance for dissenting beliefs as the Anglicans of England had shown them. They quickly expelled other religious groups from their society. Minority religious sects, from the Quakers and Shakers through the Catholics and Jews to the Mormons, have at various times suffered both discrimination and hostility in the United States.

　　But the diversity of religious belief has made for religious toleration. In demanding freedom for itself, each sect had to permit freedom for others. The insistence of each successive wave of immigrants upon its right to practice its religion helped make freedom of worship a central part of the American Creed. People who gambled their lives on the right to believe in their own God would not easily surrender that right in a new society.

　　The second great force behind immigration has been political oppression. America has always been a refuge from tyranny. As a nation conceived in liberty, it has held out to the world the promise of respect for the rights of man. Every time a revolution has failed in Europe, every time a nation has succumbed to tyranny, men and women who love freedom have assembled their families and their belongings and set sail across the seas. This process has not come to an end in our own day. The terrors of Hitler’s Germany and Mussolini’s Italy, the terrible wars of Southeast Asia--all have brought new thousands seeking safety in the United States.

　　The economic factor has been more complex than the religious and political factors. From the very beginning, some have come to America in search of riches, some in flight from poverty, and some because they were bought and sold and had no choice.

41.What is the passage mainly about?

42.What was the first great force behind immigration?

43.What does "the world of the promise" in the third paragraph refer to?

44.What are the other two chief motives for the mass migration to America?

45. What does the author try to tell us through the whole text?